Did the Thirty Years War result in independence for the German states? True or False (Holy Roman Empire period?
Basically, yes. The HRE fell apart after the end of the war(s).
"The actual end of the empire came in several steps. The Peace of Westphalia in 1648, which ended the Thirty Years' War, gave the territories almost complete sovereignty. The Swiss Confederation, which had already established quasi-independence in 1499, as well as the Northern Netherlands, left the empire. Although its constituent states still had some restrictions — in particular, they could not form alliances against the Emperor — the Empire from this point was a powerless entity, existing in name only. The Habsburg Emperors instead focused on consolidating their own estates in Austria and elsewhere."
Sweden did become the 3rd largest "country" in Europe as a result, but mainly because it controlled today's Norway and Finland. It controlled only very small territories in NE Germany, not at all the majority of today's Germany, which continued to be a mix of small kingdoms and principalities until the unification of Germany in 1848. (see map, below)
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